< 1-31  >

duḥkha-daurmanasya-aṅgam-ejayatva-śvāsa-praśvāsāḥ vikṣepa-sahabhuvaḥ

दुःखदौर्मनस्याङ्गमेजयत्वश्वासप्रश्वासाः विक्षेपसहभुवः

Suffering, negative thinking, unsteadiness in body and inhalation and exhalation, accompany the distractions

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrowful

daurmanasya - negative thinking; dejectedness; melancholy

aṅga - limb

ejayatva - unsteadiness

śvāsa - inhalation

praśvāsā - exhalation

vikṣepa - distraction, inattention, confusion, perplexity; scattering, dispersion; moving about, to and fro

sahabhuva - accompanying

Commentary by T Krishnamacharya:

“Duḥkha is the mental activity that brings impurities into the heart, thus disturbing it.”

“When impurities disturb the heart, one feels restricted and unable to move.”

“Impurities in the heart cause mental agitation – anxiety, lack of direction, anger. This agitation, in turn, affects the body, sometimes making it impossible to sit still even for a few minutes.”

Commentary by Paul Harvey:

Suffering, negative thinking, unsteadiness in body and inhalation and exhalation, are symptoms of the distractions.